By Anonymous
- marbury v. madison 1803
established judicial review; power of the supreme court is supreme in deciding cases as unconstitutional or not - McCulloch v. Maryland 1819
established national supremacy and implied powers; the use of the elastic clause==> state unable to tax. - Dred Scott v. Stanford 1857
- ruled that
- 1. fed govt cant ban slavery from territores
- 2. blacks whether slaves or free were never citizens
- Plessy v Fergusson 1896
established seperate but equal as the law of the land. legalized Jim Crow laws and segregation - Schneck v US 1919
- established clear and present danger test; 1st amend of free speech does not cover speach that creates 'clear and present danger'
- limits on speach are stricter during wartime
- Gitlow v New York 1925
established federalizing Bill of Rights, applying them to the states. states cannot deny freedom of speech, it is protected through due process of the fourteenth amendment - Palko v Connecticut 1937
provided test for dertermining which parts of bill of rights should be federalized; those which are necessary for liberty to exist - Wickard v Filburn 1942
redefines interstate commerce; even if an activity is local and not considered commerce, it can still be reached by congress if it exrts substantial economic effect on interstate commerce - Brown v Board of Education 1954
- used amendment 14 to justify seperate but equal is unconstitutional.
- unanimous!
- Brown v Board (take two) 1955
ordered schools to desegregate with all due and deliberate speed - Mapp v Ohio 1961
- established exclusionary rule: evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in a court of law
- Warren Court's judidcial activism
- Engel v Vitale 1962
- prohibited state-sponsered recitation of prayer in public schools bu virtue of amend 1 establishment and amend 14 due process
- Warren Court's judidcial activism
- Baker v Carr 1962
- one man one vote. ordered state legislative districts to be as near as possible to equal in population
- Warren Court's judidcial activism
- Abbington v Schempp 1963
- prohibited devotional bible reading in public schools by vitrue of establishment clause and due process
- Warren Court's judidcial activism
- Gideon v Wainright 1963
- ordered states to provide lawers for those unable to afford them in criminal proceedings where accused faces possbile 6 month sentence by 14th amend
- Warren Court's judidcial activism
- Wesberry v Connectucut 1965
established right of privacy through 4th and 9th amend. - Miranda v Arizona 1966
- esablished miranda rights: warnings of counsel and silence that must be given before questioning
- Warren Court's judidcial activism
- Lemon v Kurtzman 1971
- allowed states to provide textbooks and busing to studends attending private religious schools.
- established the lemon test 1. nonsecular purpose 2. niether advances/inhibits religioun 3. doesnt require excessive govt entanglement
- Roe v Wade 1973
established national abortion guidlines: no state interference in 1st trimester, may regulate to protect the health of the mother in 2nd trimester, may regulate health of baby in 3rd trimster - US v Nixon 1974
allowed executive privilige, but not in criminal cases; even the president is not above the law - Buckley v Valeo 1976
1st amend protects campaign spending; legislatures can limit contributions, but not how much one spends of his own money on campaigns - UC Regents v Bakke 1978
states may allow race to be taken into account as ONE factor in admissions decision - Webster v Reproductive Health Services 1987
more leeway for states in regulating abortion, though no overturning of Roe v Wade - Texas v Johnson 1989
struck down texas law that banned flag burning, a protected symbolic speech - Employment Division of Oregon v Smith 1990
states could deny unmployment benefits to a person fired for violating a state prohibition - Planned Parenthood v Casey 1992
states can regulate abortion but not with regulations that impose undue burden upon the woman; didnt overturn roe v wade but gave state more leeway in regulating abortion ie 24 hour waiting period, parental consent for minors - Shaw v Reno 1993
no racial gerrymandering; race cannot be the sole or predominant factor in redrawing legislative boundaries, though minority-majority districsts are constitutional - US v Lopez 1995
gun free school zone exceeds congress' athority to regulate interstate commerce - Clinton v NY 1998
banned presidential use of line item veto - Bush v Gore 2000
use of fourteenth amendment's equal protection clause to stop florida recount in the election of 2000 - Zelman v Simmons-Harris 2002
public money can be used to send disadvanteged children to religious schools in tuition voucher programs - Ashcroft v ACLU 2002
struck down fedreral ban on 'virtual' child pornography - Lawrence v Texas 2003
using right of privacy, struck down texas law banning sodomy - Gratz v Bollinger 2003
struck down use of 'bonus points' for race in undrgrad admission at Univrsity of Michigan - Grutter v Bollinger 2003
allowed the use or race as a gernal factor in law school admissions of University of Michigan - Kelo v City of New London 2005
eminent domain case: local govts may force the sale of private property and make way for private economic development when officials decide it wiould benefit the public - Gonzales v Carhard 2007
upheld Partial Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003 by vote of 5-4 - DC v Heller 2008
struck down washington dc ordinance that banned handguns but DID NO incorporate the 2nd amend to the states - Roper v Simmons 2005
ruled it a violation of 8th amend to put a person to death for a crim committed while still a minor. ovrturned Stanford v Kentuky - Stanford v Kentucky
ruled it legal to apply death penalty to those convicted who were at least 16 when crime was commited
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